What to Expect Before, During, and After a Balloon Enteroscopy Procedure

Balloon enteroscopy is a highly specialized procedure used to examine and treat conditions in the small intestine that are difficult to reach using standard endoscopy techniques. Patients often feel uncertain about what the procedure involves, especially when hearing terms like "single balloon" or "double balloon" for the first time. Understanding what to expect before, during, and after balloon enteroscopy can help reduce anxiety and improve the overall experience.

Pre-procedure Consultation and Evaluation

Before scheduling a balloon enteroscopy, the physician will conduct a thorough evaluation. This includes reviewing the patient's medical history, symptoms, previous imaging or endoscopy results, and any underlying conditions such as Crohn’s disease, unexplained gastrointestinal bleeding, or suspected tumors.

The provider may recommend lab work, imaging, or capsule endoscopy to better localize the area of concern. Patients should bring a list of all medications and allergies to this initial appointment.

Preparing for the Procedure

Preparation depends on whether the procedure will be performed orally (antegrade) or through the rectum (retrograde). Most patients will need to fast for at least 8 hours prior. If a retrograde approach is planned, bowel preparation similar to that used for a colonoscopy will be necessary to cleanse the intestine.

Clear instructions will be provided by the medical team, and it’s essential to follow them carefully to ensure a successful examination. In most cases, patients will also need to arrange for someone to drive them home afterward due to the sedation used.

Understanding the Day of the Procedure

On the day of the balloon enteroscopy, patients will check in at the endoscopy center or hospital. After registration, they will change into a gown, have vital signs taken, and meet the medical team.

An intravenous (IV) line will be placed to administer sedatives or anesthesia. The physician will explain the procedure again and answer any last-minute questions before proceeding. The goal is to make the patient comfortable and informed throughout every step.

During the Balloon Enteroscopy

Once sedated, the physician inserts a long, flexible endoscope equipped with one or two balloons, depending on whether it’s a single or double balloon enteroscopy. These balloons alternately inflate and deflate to anchor and advance the scope through the small intestine.

The technique allows for controlled navigation and detailed visualization of the intestinal lining. The physician may perform biopsies, remove polyps, or treat bleeding if needed. The procedure can take between 45 minutes and 2 hours, depending on its complexity and the approach used.

Post-procedure Recovery and Monitoring

After the procedure, patients are moved to a recovery area where the medical team monitors vital signs and watches for any adverse reactions. Most patients feel groggy due to sedation and may experience mild bloating, gas, or throat discomfort (if the scope was inserted orally).

These symptoms typically resolve within a few hours. The healthcare provider will discuss preliminary findings before discharge and provide post-procedure instructions, including when to resume eating, drinking, and medications.

Follow-up and Results Discussion

Biopsy results or pathology reports, if applicable, usually take a few days. A follow-up appointment or phone consultation will be scheduled to go over the final results and discuss any additional treatment or monitoring needed.

In some cases, repeat procedures may be necessary for complete evaluation or therapy. Patients should contact their healthcare provider if they experience symptoms such as severe pain, fever, vomiting, or rectal bleeding after the procedure.

At California Digestive Disease Center, we specialize in advanced procedures like single/doubt balloon enteroscopy and are committed to guiding each patient through a safe and informed process. Contact us today to schedule a consultation or speak with our experienced care team.